Preheat oven to 400°F (200°C).
Heat olive oil in an oven-safe skillet or baking dish over medium heat. Sauté shallot and garlic for 2-3 minutes until fragrant. Stir in tomatoes, olives, capers, and red pepper flakes, and simmer for 5 minutes.
Season cod with salt and pepper, nestle it into the tomato sauce, and top with lemon slices.
Bake uncovered for 12-15 minutes, until the fish flakes easily with a fork.
Scatter fresh parsley over the top just before serving.
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